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The Ancient City of Lu State

The Ancient City of Lu State is the ruins of the capital city of the ancient Lu State during the Western Zhou Dynasty. It locates in the northeast of Qufu City. In March, 1961, it was recognized as the National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit. In 2013, it was announced as the National Archaeological Site Park. 
 
History of the Ancient City of Lu State
During the first year Western Zhou Dynasty (1046BC-771BC), the Emperor Title-granted Bo Qin in Lu State; hence built the capital here. In 249 B.C. Lu State was destroyed by Chu State, and the capital lasted for more than 900 years in history. The Ancient City of Lu State is one of the oldest capitals during the Spring and Autumn Period. 
 
During the Japanese Aggression War in 1940, the Japanese had conducted the investigations and excavations on relics of the ancient city of Lu State. After 1949, the related government offices conducted many investigations to the site formally and managed some protection projects. 
 
Introduction of the Ancient City of Lu State
The Ancient City of Lu State is rectangular in shape covering an area of about 10.45 square kilometers. The perimeter of the city wall is about 11.9 kilometers. The city is 3.7 kilometers long from east to west and 2.7 kilometers wide from north to south. There are 3 gates separately in the east, west and north side of the city. 
 
The Ancient City of Lu State is divided into two parts: the outer city and the inner city. The outer city has the irregularly rectangular shape with 11.5 kilometers long as the circumference is. The inner city is nearly square, about 550 meters wide from east to west, and about 500 meters long from north to south.
 
More than 200 tombs were excavated in the Ancient City of Lu State. The unearthed relics are mainly the pottery like the plates, pots, etc. 
 
In addition, a small amount of historic relics from the Western Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Han Dynasty were found. The jade screen unearthed in the ancient city is used for burial during the Warring States Period. It has a circumference of 32 centimeters and is one of the biggest jades of the Warring States Period unearthed in China. The jade screen is decorated in three layers. The inner and outer layers are decorated with double-tailed dragon patterns. The middle layer is decorated with spiral patterns. The shape of the jade screen is regular while the texture is turquoise. It is compact and well-proportioned, which is a superior cultural relic.

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